doc: budget report: update
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Simon Michael
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@ -249,14 +249,79 @@ Currently, the [`-V/--value` flag](#market-value) has a limitation in
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multicolumn reports: it uses the market prices on the report end date
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for all columns. (Instead of the prices on each column's end date.)
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### Budgets
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### Custom balance output
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With `--budget` and a [report interval](manual.html#report-intervals),
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all [periodic transactions](journal.html#periodic-transactions) in your journal
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with that interval,
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active during the requested report period,
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are interpreted as recurring budget goals for the specified accounts (and subaccounts),
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and the report will show the difference between actual and budgeted balances.
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You can customise the layout of simple (non-tabular) balance reports with `--format FMT`:
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```shell
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$ hledger balance --format "%20(account) %12(total)"
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assets $-1
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bank:saving $1
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cash $-2
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expenses $2
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food $1
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supplies $1
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income $-2
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gifts $-1
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salary $-1
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liabilities:debts $1
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---------------------------------
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0
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```
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The FMT format string (plus a newline) specifies the formatting
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applied to each account/balance pair. It may contain any suitable
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text, with data fields interpolated like so:
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`%[MIN][.MAX](FIELDNAME)`
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- MIN pads with spaces to at least this width (optional)
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- MAX truncates at this width (optional)
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- FIELDNAME must be enclosed in parentheses, and can be one of:
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- `depth_spacer` - a number of spaces equal to the account's depth, or if MIN is specified, MIN * depth spaces.
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- `account` - the account's name
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- `total` - the account's balance/posted total, right justified
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Also, FMT can begin with an optional prefix to control how
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multi-commodity amounts are rendered:
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- `%_` - render on multiple lines, bottom-aligned (the default)
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- `%^` - render on multiple lines, top-aligned
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- `%,` - render on one line, comma-separated
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There are some quirks. Eg in one-line mode, `%(depth_spacer)` has no
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effect, instead `%(account)` has indentation built in.
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<!-- XXX retest:
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Consistent column widths are not well enforced, causing ragged edges unless you set suitable widths.
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Beware of specifying a maximum width; it will clip account names and amounts that are too wide, with no visible indication.
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-->
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Experimentation may be needed to get pleasing results.
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Some example formats:
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- `%(total)` - the account's total
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- `%-20.20(account)` - the account's name, left justified, padded to 20 characters and clipped at 20 characters
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- `%,%-50(account) %25(total)` - account name padded to 50 characters, total padded to 20 characters, with multiple commodities rendered on one line
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- `%20(total) %2(depth_spacer)%-(account)` - the default format for the single-column balance report
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This command also supports [output destination](/manual.html#output-destination) and [output format](/manual.html#output-format) selection.
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### Colour support
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The balance command shows negative amounts in red, if:
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- the `TERM` environment variable is not set to `dumb`
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- the output is not being redirected or piped anywhere
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### Budget report
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With `--budget`, extra columns are displayed showing budget goals for each account and period,
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and how the actual amounts compare with the goals.
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Budget goals are defined by [periodic transactions](journal.html#periodic-transactions) in the journal.
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--budget is most often combined with a [report interval](manual.html#report-intervals).
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For example, you can take average monthly expenses in the common expense categories to construct a minimal monthly budget:
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```journal
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@ -345,69 +410,3 @@ Also, the `-S/--sort-amount` flag is not yet supported with --budget.
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For more examples, see [Budgeting and Forecasting](https://github.com/simonmichael/hledger/wiki/Budgeting and forecasting).
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### Custom balance output
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You can customise the layout of simple (non-tabular) balance reports with `--format FMT`:
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```shell
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$ hledger balance --format "%20(account) %12(total)"
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assets $-1
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bank:saving $1
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cash $-2
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expenses $2
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food $1
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supplies $1
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income $-2
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gifts $-1
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salary $-1
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liabilities:debts $1
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---------------------------------
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0
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```
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The FMT format string (plus a newline) specifies the formatting
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applied to each account/balance pair. It may contain any suitable
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text, with data fields interpolated like so:
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`%[MIN][.MAX](FIELDNAME)`
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- MIN pads with spaces to at least this width (optional)
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- MAX truncates at this width (optional)
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- FIELDNAME must be enclosed in parentheses, and can be one of:
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- `depth_spacer` - a number of spaces equal to the account's depth, or if MIN is specified, MIN * depth spaces.
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- `account` - the account's name
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- `total` - the account's balance/posted total, right justified
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Also, FMT can begin with an optional prefix to control how
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multi-commodity amounts are rendered:
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- `%_` - render on multiple lines, bottom-aligned (the default)
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- `%^` - render on multiple lines, top-aligned
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- `%,` - render on one line, comma-separated
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There are some quirks. Eg in one-line mode, `%(depth_spacer)` has no
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effect, instead `%(account)` has indentation built in.
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<!-- XXX retest:
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Consistent column widths are not well enforced, causing ragged edges unless you set suitable widths.
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Beware of specifying a maximum width; it will clip account names and amounts that are too wide, with no visible indication.
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-->
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Experimentation may be needed to get pleasing results.
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Some example formats:
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- `%(total)` - the account's total
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- `%-20.20(account)` - the account's name, left justified, padded to 20 characters and clipped at 20 characters
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- `%,%-50(account) %25(total)` - account name padded to 50 characters, total padded to 20 characters, with multiple commodities rendered on one line
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- `%20(total) %2(depth_spacer)%-(account)` - the default format for the single-column balance report
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This command also supports [output destination](/manual.html#output-destination) and [output format](/manual.html#output-format) selection.
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### Colour support
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The balance command shows negative amounts in red, if:
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- the `TERM` environment variable is not set to `dumb`
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- the output is not being redirected or piped anywhere
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