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;doc: querying by tags, on accounts and generally (#1817)

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Simon Michael 2022-01-28 21:42:12 -10:00
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hledger/hledger.m4.md
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@ -850,9 +850,12 @@ Match unmarked, pending, or cleared transactions respectively.
**`tag:REGEX[=REGEX]`**\ **`tag:REGEX[=REGEX]`**\
Match by tag name, and optionally also by tag value. Match by tag name, and optionally also by tag value.
(To match only by value, use `tag:.=REGEX`.) (To match only by value, use `tag:.=REGEX`.)
Note that postings also inherit tags from their transaction,
and transactions also acquire tags from their postings, When querying by tag, note that:
when querying.
- Accounts also inherit the tags of their parent accounts
- Postings also inherit the tags of their account and their transaction
- Transactions also acquire the tags of their postings.
(**`inacct:ACCTNAME`**\ (**`inacct:ACCTNAME`**\
A special query term used automatically in hledger-web only: A special query term used automatically in hledger-web only:
@ -2977,15 +2980,11 @@ in another commodity. See [Valuation](#valuation).
Though not required, these declarations can provide several benefits: Though not required, these declarations can provide several benefits:
- They can document your intended chart of accounts, providing a reference. - They can document your intended chart of accounts, providing a reference.
- They can help hledger know your accounts' types (asset, liability, equity, revenue, expense), - They control account display order in reports, allowing non-alphabetic sorting (eg Revenues to appear above Expenses).
useful for reports like balancesheet and incomestatement. - They can help hledger know your accounts' types (asset, liability, equity, revenue, expense), useful for reports like balancesheet and incomestatement.
- They control account display order in reports, allowing non-alphabetic sorting - They can store other account information, as comments or as tags which can be used to filter reports.
(eg Revenues to appear above Expenses). - They help with account name completion (in hledger add, hledger-web, hledger-iadd, ledger-mode, etc.)
- They can store extra information about accounts (account numbers, notes, etc.) - In [strict mode], they restrict which accounts may be posted to by transactions, which helps detect typos.
- They help with account name completion
in the add command, hledger-iadd, hledger-web, ledger-mode etc.
- In [strict mode], they restrict which accounts may be posted to by transactions,
which helps detect typos.
The simplest form is just the word `account` followed by a hledger-style The simplest form is just the word `account` followed by a hledger-style
[account name](#account-names), eg this account directive declares the `assets:bank:checking` account: [account name](#account-names), eg this account directive declares the `assets:bank:checking` account:
@ -3018,12 +3017,12 @@ In [strict mode], enabled with the `-s`/`--strict` flag, hledger will report an
An example of both: An example of both:
```journal ```journal
account assets:bank:checking ; same-line comment, note 2+ spaces before ; account assets:bank:checking ; same-line comment, note 2+ spaces required before ;
; next-line comment ; next-line comment
; another with tag, acctno:12345 (not used yet) ; some tags, type:A, acctnum:12345
``` ```
Same-line comments are not supported by Ledger, or hledger <1.13. Compatibility note: same-line comments are not supported by Ledger or hledger <1.13.
<!-- Account comments may include [tags](#tags), though we don't yet use them for anything. --> <!-- Account comments may include [tags](#tags), though we don't yet use them for anything. -->
@ -3063,25 +3062,33 @@ you can declare hledger accounts to be of a certain type:
- **conversion**\ - **conversion**\
a subtype of equity, used for [conversion postings](#costing) a subtype of equity, used for [conversion postings](#costing)
Declaring account types is a good idea, since it helps enable the easy Declaring account types is a good idea: they are required by the convenient
[balancesheet], [balancesheetequity], [incomestatement] and [cashflow] reports, [balancesheet], [balancesheetequity], [incomestatement] and [cashflow] reports,
and probably other things in future. and probably other things in future.
You can also use them with other commands to reliably select accounts by type,
without depending on their names. Eg:
```shell
hledger balance tag:type=^[AL]
```
As a convenience, when account types are not declared, As a convenience, when account types are not declared,
hledger will try to guess them based on english-language account names. hledger will try to guess them based on english-language account names.
Here is a typical set of top-level account declarations Here is a typical set of top-level account declarations
(because of the aforementioned, with these account names the type tags are not strictly needed, (with these account names the type tags are not strictly needed,
but with non-english or non-standard account names, they will be): but with non-english or non-standard account names, they would be):
```journal ```journal
account assets ; type: A account assets ; type: A
account liabilities ; type: L account liabilities ; type: L
account equity ; type: E account equity ; type: E
account revenues ; type: R account revenues ; type: R
account expenses ; type: X account expenses ; type: X
account assets:bank ; type: C account assets:bank ; type: C
account assets:cash ; type: C account assets:cash ; type: C
account equity:conversion ; type: V
``` ```
It's not necessary to declare the type of subaccounts. It's not necessary to declare the type of subaccounts.