;doc: update CLI usage texts
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Simon Michael
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@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ balance can show..
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- or actual and planned balance changes (--budget)
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- or value of balance changes (-V)
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- or change of balance values (--valuechange)
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- or unrealised capital gain/loss (--gain)
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..in..
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@ -75,9 +76,9 @@ should also match their end balance at the end of the journal period
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(more on this below).
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Accounts are sorted by declaration order if any, and then alphabetically
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by account name. For instance, using examples/sample.journal:
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by account name. For instance (using examples/sample.journal):
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$ hledger bal
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal bal
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$1 assets:bank:saving
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$-2 assets:cash
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$1 expenses:food
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@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ You can show fewer accounts, a different time period, totals from
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cleared transactions only, etc. by using query arguments or options to
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limit the postings being matched. Eg:
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$ hledger bal --cleared assets date:200806
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal bal --cleared assets date:200806
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$-2 assets:cash
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--------------------
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$-2
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@ -126,7 +127,7 @@ their full names visible, as in the examples above.
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With -t/--tree, the account hierarchy is shown, with subaccounts' "leaf"
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names indented below their parent:
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$ hledger balance
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal balance
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$-1 assets
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$1 bank:saving
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$-2 cash
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@ -159,22 +160,29 @@ Notes:
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Depth limiting
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With a depth:N query, or --depth N option, or just -N, balance reports
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will show accounts only to the specified depth, hiding the deeper
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subaccounts. Account balances at the depth limit always include the
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balances from any hidden subaccounts (even in list mode). This can be
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useful for getting an overview. Eg, limiting to depth 1:
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With a depth:NUM query, or --depth NUM option, or just -NUM (eg: -3)
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balance reports will show accounts only to the specified depth, hiding
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the deeper subaccounts. This can be useful for getting an overview
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without too much detail.
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$ hledger balance -N -1
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Account balances at the depth limit always include the balances from any
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deeper subaccounts (even in list mode). Eg, limiting to depth 1:
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal balance -1
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$-1 assets
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$2 expenses
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$-2 income
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$1 liabilities
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--------------------
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0
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You can also hide top-level account name parts, using --drop N. This can
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be useful for hiding repetitive top-level account names:
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Dropping top-level accounts
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$ hledger bal expenses --drop 1
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You can also hide one or more top-level account name parts, using
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--drop NUM. This can be useful for hiding repetitive top-level account
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names:
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal bal expenses --drop 1
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$1 food
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$1 supplies
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--------------------
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@ -187,7 +195,7 @@ With a report interval (set by the -D/--daily, -W/--weekly,
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shows a tabular report, with columns representing successive time
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periods (and a title):
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$ hledger balance --quarterly income expenses -E
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal bal --quarterly income expenses -E
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Balance changes in 2008:
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|| 2008q1 2008q2 2008q3 2008q4
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@ -306,7 +314,7 @@ Percentages
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With -%/--percent, balance reports show each account's value expressed
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as a percentage of the (column) total:
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$ hledger bal expenses -Q -%
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal bal expenses -Q -%
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Balance changes in 2008:
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|| 2008Q1 2008Q2 2008Q3 2008Q4
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@ -382,7 +390,10 @@ The basic calculation to perform for each table cell. It is one of:
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- --sum : sum the posting amounts (default)
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- --budget : like --sum but also show a goal amount
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- --valuechange : show the change in period-end historical balance
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values
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values (caused by deposits, withdrawals, and/or market price
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fluctuations)
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- --gain : show the unrealised capital gain/loss, (the current valued
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balance minus each amount's original cost)
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Accumulation type:
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Which postings should be included in each cell's calculation. It is one
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@ -409,7 +420,7 @@ valuation commodity to use. It is one of:
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- --value=cost[,COMM] : no valuation, show amounts converted to cost
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- --value=then[,COMM] : show value at transaction dates
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- --value=end[,COMM] : show value at period end date(s) (default with
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--valuechange)
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--valuechange, --gain)
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- --value=now[,COMM] : show value at today's date
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- --value=YYYY-MM-DD[,COMM] : show value at another date
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@ -752,7 +763,7 @@ For single-period balance reports displayed in the terminal (only), you
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can use --format FMT to customise the format and content of each line.
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Eg:
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$ hledger balance --format "%20(account) %12(total)"
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$ hledger -f examples/sample.journal balance --format "%20(account) %12(total)"
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assets $-1
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bank:saving $1
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cash $-2
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@ -54,14 +54,17 @@ whichever is later.
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Unless you are running close on exactly the first day of the new period,
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you'll want to override the closing date. This is done by specifying a
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report period, where "last day of the report period" will be the closing
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date. The opening date is always the following day. So to close on
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2020-12-31 and open on 2021-01-01, any of these work
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report end date, where "last day of the report period" will be the
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closing date. The opening date is always the following day. So to close
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on (end of) 2020-12-31 and open on (start of) 2021-01-01, any of these
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will work:
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- -p 2020
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- date:2020
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- -e 2021-01-01 (remember -e specifies an exclusive end date)
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- -e 2021
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end date argument explanation
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------------------- ------------------------------------------------
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-e 2021-01-01 end dates are exclusive
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-e 2021 equivalent, per smart dates
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-p 2020 equivalent, the period's begin date is ignored
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date:2020 equivalent query
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Example: close asset/liability accounts for file transition
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@ -103,17 +106,17 @@ transactions, like this:
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; 2019.journal
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2019-01-01 opening balances ; earliest opening txn, no tag here
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...
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2019-12-31 closing balances ; close:2019
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2019-12-31 closing balances ; clopen:2020
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...
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; 2020.journal
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2020-01-01 opening balances ; open:2020
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2020-01-01 opening balances ; clopen:2020
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...
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2020-12-31 closing balances ; close:2020
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2020-12-31 closing balances ; clopen:2021
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...
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; 2021.journal
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2021-01-01 opening balances ; open:2021
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2021-01-01 opening balances ; clopen:2021
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...
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Now with
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@ -125,15 +128,12 @@ include 2021.journal
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you could do eg:
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$ hledger -f all.journal reg -H checking not:tag:'open|close'
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$ hledger -f all.journal reg -H checking not:tag:clopen
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# all years checking register, hiding non-essential opening/closing txns
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$ hledger -f all.journal bs -p 2020 not:tag:close=2020
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$ hledger -f all.journal bs -p 2020 not:tag:clopen=2020
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# 2020 year end balances, suppressing 2020 closing txn
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$ hledger -f 2020.journal bs not:tag:close
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# 2020 year end balances, easier case
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close and balance assertions
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The closing and opening transactions will include balance assertions,
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@ -171,22 +171,27 @@ single-day transactions):
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Example: close revenue/expense accounts to retained earnings
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Here, the opening transaction is supressed with --close, as it's
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probably not needed. Also you'll want to use a different equity account
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name:
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For this, use --close to suppress the opening transaction, as it's not
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needed. Also you'll want to change the equity account name to your
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equivalent of "equity:retained earnings".
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$ hledger close -f 2021.journal -p 2021Q1 --close --close-acct='equity:retained earnings' revenues expenses >> 2021.journal
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# close 2021 first quarter revenues/expenses
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Closing 2021's first quarter revenues/expenses:
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Or, operating on the default journal:
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$ hledger close -f 2021.journal --close revenues expenses -p 2021Q1 \
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--close-acct='equity:retained earnings' >> 2021.journal
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$ hledger close -p Q1 --close --close-acct='equity:retained earnings' revenues expenses >> $LEDGER_FILE
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# close current year's first quarter revenues/expenses
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The same, using the default journal and current year:
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Now, eg:
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$ hledger close --close revenues expenses -p Q1 \
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--close-acct='equity:retained earnings' >> $LEDGER_FILE
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Now, the first quarter's balance sheet should show a zero (unless you
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are using @/@@ notation without equity postings):
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$ hledger bse -p Q1
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# Q1 full balance sheet, total should be zero
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$ hledger is -p Q1 not:'retained earnings'
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# Q1 income statement, must suppress the closing txn
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And we must suppress the closing transaction to see the first quarter's
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income statement (using the description; not:'retained earnings' won't
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work here):
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$ hledger is -p Q1 not:desc:'closing balances'
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@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
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help
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Show the hledger user manual in one of several formats, optionally
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positioned at a given TOPIC (if possible). TOPIC is any heading, or
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heading prefix, in the manual. Some examples: commands, print, 'auto
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postings', periodic.
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positioned at a given TOPIC (if possible).
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TOPIC is any heading in the manual, or the start of any heading (but not
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the middle). It is case insensitive.
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Some examples: commands, print, forecast, "auto postings",
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"commodity column".
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_FLAGS
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