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[ci skip]
804 lines
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804 lines
35 KiB
Plaintext
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hledger_csv(5) hledger User Manuals hledger_csv(5)
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NAME
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CSV - how hledger reads CSV data, and the CSV rules file format
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DESCRIPTION
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hledger can read CSV (comma-separated value, or character-separated
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value) files as if they were journal files, automatically converting
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each CSV record into a transaction. (To learn about writing CSV, see
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CSV output.)
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We describe each CSV file's format with a corresponding rules file. By
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default this is named like the CSV file with a .rules extension added.
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Eg when reading FILE.csv, hledger also looks for FILE.csv.rules in the
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same directory. You can specify a different rules file with the
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--rules-file option. If a rules file is not found, hledger will create
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a sample rules file, which you'll need to adjust.
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This file contains rules describing the CSV data (header line, fields
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layout, date format etc.), and how to construct hledger journal entries
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(transactions) from it. Often there will also be a list of conditional
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rules for categorising transactions based on their descriptions.
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Here's an overview of the CSV rules; these are described more fully be-
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low, after the examples:
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skip skip one or more header
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lines or matched CSV
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records
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fields name CSV fields, assign
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them to hledger fields
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field assignment assign a value to one
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hledger field, with inter-
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polation
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if apply some rules to
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matched CSV records
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end skip the remaining CSV
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records
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date-format describe the format of CSV
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dates
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newest-first disambiguate record order
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when there's only one date
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include inline another CSV rules
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file
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There's also a Convert CSV files tutorial on hledger.org.
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EXAMPLES
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Here are some sample hledger CSV rules files. See also the full col-
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lection at:
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https://github.com/simonmichael/hledger/tree/master/examples/csv
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Basic
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At minimum, the rules file must identify the date and amount fields,
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and often it also specifies the date format and how many header lines
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there are. Here's a simple CSV file and a rules file for it:
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Date, Description, Id, Amount
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12/11/2019, Foo, 123, 10.23
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# basic.csv.rules
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skip 1
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fields date, description, _, amount
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date-format %d/%m/%Y
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$ hledger print -f basic.csv
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2019/11/12 Foo
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expenses:unknown 10.23
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income:unknown -10.23
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Default account names are chosen, since we didn't set them.
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Bank of Ireland
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Here's a CSV with two amount fields (Debit and Credit), and a balance
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field, which we can use to add balance assertions, which is not neces-
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sary but provides extra error checking:
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Date,Details,Debit,Credit,Balance
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07/12/2012,LODGMENT 529898,,10.0,131.21
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07/12/2012,PAYMENT,5,,126
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# bankofireland-checking.csv.rules
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# skip the header line
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skip
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# name the csv fields, and assign some of them as journal entry fields
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fields date, description, amount-out, amount-in, balance
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# We generate balance assertions by assigning to "balance"
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# above, but you may sometimes need to remove these because:
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#
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# - the CSV balance differs from the true balance,
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# by up to 0.0000000000005 in my experience
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#
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# - it is sometimes calculated based on non-chronological ordering,
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# eg when multiple transactions clear on the same day
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# date is in UK/Ireland format
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date-format %d/%m/%Y
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# set the currency
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currency EUR
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# set the base account for all txns
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account1 assets:bank:boi:checking
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$ hledger -f bankofireland-checking.csv print
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2012/12/07 LODGMENT 529898
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assets:bank:boi:checking EUR10.0 = EUR131.2
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income:unknown EUR-10.0
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2012/12/07 PAYMENT
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assets:bank:boi:checking EUR-5.0 = EUR126.0
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expenses:unknown EUR5.0
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The balance assertions don't raise an error above, because we're read-
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ing directly from CSV, but they will be checked if these entries are
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imported into a journal file.
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Amazon
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Here we convert amazon.com order history, and use an if block to gener-
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ate a third posting if there's a fee. (In practice you'd probably get
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this data from your bank instead, but it's an example.)
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"Date","Type","To/From","Name","Status","Amount","Fees","Transaction ID"
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"Jul 29, 2012","Payment","To","Foo.","Completed","$20.00","$0.00","16000000000000DGLNJPI1P9B8DKPVHL"
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"Jul 30, 2012","Payment","To","Adapteva, Inc.","Completed","$25.00","$1.00","17LA58JSKRD4HDGLNJPI1P9B8DKPVHL"
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# amazon-orders.csv.rules
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# skip one header line
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skip 1
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# name the csv fields, and assign the transaction's date, amount and code.
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# Avoided the "status" and "amount" hledger field names to prevent confusion.
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fields date, _, toorfrom, name, amzstatus, amzamount, fees, code
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# how to parse the date
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date-format %b %-d, %Y
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# combine two fields to make the description
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description %toorfrom %name
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# save the status as a tag
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comment status:%amzstatus
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# set the base account for all transactions
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account1 assets:amazon
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# leave amount1 blank so it can balance the other(s).
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# I'm assuming amzamount excludes the fees, don't remember
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# set a generic account2
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account2 expenses:misc
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amount2 %amzamount
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# and maybe refine it further:
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#include categorisation.rules
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# add a third posting for fees, but only if they are non-zero.
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# Commas in the data makes counting fields hard, so count from the right instead.
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# (Regex translation: "a field containing a non-zero dollar amount,
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# immediately before the 1 right-most fields")
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if ,\$[1-9][.0-9]+(,[^,]*){1}$
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account3 expenses:fees
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amount3 %fees
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$ hledger -f amazon-orders.csv print
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2012/07/29 (16000000000000DGLNJPI1P9B8DKPVHL) To Foo. ; status:Completed
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assets:amazon
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expenses:misc $20.00
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2012/07/30 (17LA58JSKRD4HDGLNJPI1P9B8DKPVHL) To Adapteva, Inc. ; status:Completed
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assets:amazon
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expenses:misc $25.00
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expenses:fees $1.00
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Paypal
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Here's a real-world rules file for (customised) Paypal CSV, with some
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Paypal-specific rules, and a second rules file included:
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"Date","Time","TimeZone","Name","Type","Status","Currency","Gross","Fee","Net","From Email Address","To Email Address","Transaction ID","Item Title","Item ID","Reference Txn ID","Receipt ID","Balance","Note"
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"10/01/2019","03:46:20","PDT","Calm Radio","Subscription Payment","Completed","USD","-6.99","0.00","-6.99","simon@joyful.com","memberships@calmradio.com","60P57143A8206782E","MONTHLY - $1 for the first 2 Months: Me - Order 99309. Item total: $1.00 USD first 2 months, then $6.99 / Month","","I-R8YLY094FJYR","","-6.99",""
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"10/01/2019","03:46:20","PDT","","Bank Deposit to PP Account ","Pending","USD","6.99","0.00","6.99","","simon@joyful.com","0TU1544T080463733","","","60P57143A8206782E","","0.00",""
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"10/01/2019","08:57:01","PDT","Patreon","PreApproved Payment Bill User Payment","Completed","USD","-7.00","0.00","-7.00","simon@joyful.com","support@patreon.com","2722394R5F586712G","Patreon* Membership","","B-0PG93074E7M86381M","","-7.00",""
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"10/01/2019","08:57:01","PDT","","Bank Deposit to PP Account ","Pending","USD","7.00","0.00","7.00","","simon@joyful.com","71854087RG994194F","Patreon* Membership","","2722394R5F586712G","","0.00",""
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"10/19/2019","03:02:12","PDT","Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","Subscription Payment","Completed","USD","-2.00","0.00","-2.00","simon@joyful.com","tle@wikimedia.org","K9U43044RY432050M","Monthly donation to the Wikimedia Foundation","","I-R5C3YUS3285L","","-2.00",""
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"10/19/2019","03:02:12","PDT","","Bank Deposit to PP Account ","Pending","USD","2.00","0.00","2.00","","simon@joyful.com","3XJ107139A851061F","","","K9U43044RY432050M","","0.00",""
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"10/22/2019","05:07:06","PDT","Noble Benefactor","Subscription Payment","Completed","USD","10.00","-0.59","9.41","noble@bene.fac.tor","simon@joyful.com","6L8L1662YP1334033","Joyful Systems","","I-KC9VBGY2GWDB","","9.41",""
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# paypal-custom.csv.rules
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# Tips:
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# Export from Activity -> Statements -> Custom -> Activity download
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# Suggested transaction type: "Balance affecting"
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# Paypal's default fields in 2018 were:
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# "Date","Time","TimeZone","Name","Type","Status","Currency","Gross","Fee","Net","From Email Address","To Email Address","Transaction ID","Shipping Address","Address Status","Item Title","Item ID","Shipping and Handling Amount","Insurance Amount","Sales Tax","Option 1 Name","Option 1 Value","Option 2 Name","Option 2 Value","Reference Txn ID","Invoice Number","Custom Number","Quantity","Receipt ID","Balance","Address Line 1","Address Line 2/District/Neighborhood","Town/City","State/Province/Region/County/Territory/Prefecture/Republic","Zip/Postal Code","Country","Contact Phone Number","Subject","Note","Country Code","Balance Impact"
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# This rules file assumes the following more detailed fields, configured in "Customize report fields":
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# "Date","Time","TimeZone","Name","Type","Status","Currency","Gross","Fee","Net","From Email Address","To Email Address","Transaction ID","Item Title","Item ID","Reference Txn ID","Receipt ID","Balance","Note"
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fields date, time, timezone, description_, type, status_, currency, grossamount, feeamount, netamount, fromemail, toemail, code, itemtitle, itemid, referencetxnid, receiptid, balance, note
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skip 1
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date-format %-m/%-d/%Y
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# ignore some paypal events
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if
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In Progress
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Temporary Hold
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Update to
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skip
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# add more fields to the description
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description %description_ %itemtitle
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# save some other fields as tags
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comment itemid:%itemid, fromemail:%fromemail, toemail:%toemail, time:%time, type:%type, status:%status_
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# convert to short currency symbols
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# Note: in conditional block regexps, the line of csv being matched is
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# a synthetic one: the unquoted field values, with commas between them.
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if ,USD,
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currency $
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if ,EUR,
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currency E
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if ,GBP,
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currency P
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# generate postings
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# the first posting will be the money leaving/entering my paypal account
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# (negative means leaving my account, in all amount fields)
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account1 assets:online:paypal
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amount1 %netamount
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# the second posting will be money sent to/received from other party
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# (account2 is set below)
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amount2 -%grossamount
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# if there's a fee (9th field), add a third posting for the money taken by paypal.
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# TODO: This regexp fails when fields contain a comma (generates a third posting with zero amount)
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if ^([^,]+,){8}[^0]
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account3 expenses:banking:paypal
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amount3 -%feeamount
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comment3 business:
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# choose an account for the second posting
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# override the default account names:
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# if amount (8th field) is positive, it's income (a debit)
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if ^([^,]+,){7}[0-9]
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account2 income:unknown
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# if negative, it's an expense (a credit)
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if ^([^,]+,){7}-
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account2 expenses:unknown
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# apply common rules for setting account2 & other tweaks
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include common.rules
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# apply some overrides specific to this csv
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# Transfers from/to bank. These are usually marked Pending,
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# which can be disregarded in this case.
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if
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Bank Account
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Bank Deposit to PP Account
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description %type for %referencetxnid %itemtitle
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account2 assets:bank:wf:pchecking
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account1 assets:online:paypal
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# Currency conversions
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if Currency Conversion
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account2 equity:currency conversion
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# common.rules
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if
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darcs
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noble benefactor
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account2 revenues:foss donations:darcshub
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comment2 business:
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if
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Calm Radio
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account2 expenses:online:apps
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if
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electronic frontier foundation
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Patreon
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wikimedia
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Advent of Code
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account2 expenses:dues
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if Google
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account2 expenses:online:apps
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description google | music
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$ hledger -f paypal-custom.csv print
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2019/10/01 (60P57143A8206782E) Calm Radio MONTHLY - $1 for the first 2 Months: Me - Order 99309. Item total: $1.00 USD first 2 months, then $6.99 / Month ; itemid:, fromemail:simon@joyful.com, toemail:memberships@calmradio.com, time:03:46:20, type:Subscription Payment, status:Completed
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assets:online:paypal $-6.99 = $-6.99
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expenses:online:apps $6.99
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2019/10/01 (0TU1544T080463733) Bank Deposit to PP Account for 60P57143A8206782E ; itemid:, fromemail:, toemail:simon@joyful.com, time:03:46:20, type:Bank Deposit to PP Account, status:Pending
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assets:online:paypal $6.99 = $0.00
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assets:bank:wf:pchecking $-6.99
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2019/10/01 (2722394R5F586712G) Patreon Patreon* Membership ; itemid:, fromemail:simon@joyful.com, toemail:support@patreon.com, time:08:57:01, type:PreApproved Payment Bill User Payment, status:Completed
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assets:online:paypal $-7.00 = $-7.00
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expenses:dues $7.00
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2019/10/01 (71854087RG994194F) Bank Deposit to PP Account for 2722394R5F586712G Patreon* Membership ; itemid:, fromemail:, toemail:simon@joyful.com, time:08:57:01, type:Bank Deposit to PP Account, status:Pending
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assets:online:paypal $7.00 = $0.00
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assets:bank:wf:pchecking $-7.00
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2019/10/19 (K9U43044RY432050M) Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Monthly donation to the Wikimedia Foundation ; itemid:, fromemail:simon@joyful.com, toemail:tle@wikimedia.org, time:03:02:12, type:Subscription Payment, status:Completed
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assets:online:paypal $-2.00 = $-2.00
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expenses:dues $2.00
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expenses:banking:paypal ; business:
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2019/10/19 (3XJ107139A851061F) Bank Deposit to PP Account for K9U43044RY432050M ; itemid:, fromemail:, toemail:simon@joyful.com, time:03:02:12, type:Bank Deposit to PP Account, status:Pending
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assets:online:paypal $2.00 = $0.00
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assets:bank:wf:pchecking $-2.00
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2019/10/22 (6L8L1662YP1334033) Noble Benefactor Joyful Systems ; itemid:, fromemail:noble@bene.fac.tor, toemail:simon@joyful.com, time:05:07:06, type:Subscription Payment, status:Completed
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assets:online:paypal $9.41 = $9.41
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revenues:foss donations:darcshub $-10.00 ; business:
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expenses:banking:paypal $0.59 ; business:
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CSV RULES
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The following kinds of rule can appear in the rules file, in any order.
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Blank lines and lines beginning with # or ; are ignored.
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skip
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skip N
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The word "skip" followed by a number (or no number, meaning 1) tells
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hledger to ignore this many non-empty lines preceding the CSV data.
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(Empty/blank lines are skipped automatically.) You'll need this when-
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ever your CSV data contains header lines.
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It also has a second purpose: it can be used inside if blocks to ignore
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certain CSV records (described below).
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fields
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fields FIELDNAME1, FIELDNAME2, ...
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A fields list (the word "fields" followed by comma-separated field
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names) is the quick way to assign CSV field values to hledger fields.
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It does two things:
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1. it names the CSV fields. This is optional, but can be convenient
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later for interpolating them.
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2. when you use a standard hledger field name, it assigns the CSV value
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to that part of the hledger transaction.
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Here's an example that says "use the 1st, 2nd and 4th fields as the
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transaction's date, description and amount; name the last two fields
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for later reference; and ignore the others":
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fields date, description, , amount, , , somefield, anotherfield
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Field names may not contain whitespace. Fields you don't care about
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can be left unnamed. Currently there must be least two items (there
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must be at least one comma).
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Note, always use comma in the fields list, even if your CSV uses an-
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other separator character.
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Here are the standard hledger field/pseudo-field names. For more about
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the transaction parts they refer to, see the manual for hledger's jour-
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nal format.
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Transaction field names
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date, date2, status, code, description, comment can be used to form the
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transaction's first line.
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Posting field names
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accountN, where N is 1 to 9, generates a posting, with that account
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name. Most often there are two postings, so you'll want to set ac-
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count1 and account2. If a posting's account name is left unset but its
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amount is set, a default account name will be chosen (like expenses:un-
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known or income:unknown).
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amountN sets posting N's amount. Or, amount with no N sets posting
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1's. If the CSV has debits and credits in separate fields, use
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amountN-in and amountN-out instead. Or amount-in and amount-out with
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no N for posting 1.
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For convenience and backwards compatibility, if you set the amount of
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posting 1 only, a second posting with the negative amount will be gen-
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erated automatically. (Unless the account name is parenthesised indi-
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cating an unbalanced posting.)
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If the CSV has the currency symbol in a separate field, you can use
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currencyN to prepend it to posting N's amount. currency with no N af-
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fects ALL postings.
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balanceN sets a balance assertion amount (or if the posting amount is
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left empty, a balance assignment). You may need to adjust this with
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the balance-type rule.
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Finally, commentN sets a comment on the Nth posting. Comments can also
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contain tags, as usual.
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See TIPS below for more about setting amounts and currency.
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field assignment
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HLEDGERFIELDNAME FIELDVALUE
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Instead of or in addition to a fields list, you can use a "field as-
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signment" rule to set the value of a single hledger field, by writing
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its name (any of the standard hledger field names above) followed by a
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text value. The value may contain interpolated CSV fields, referenced
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by their 1-based position in the CSV record (%N), or by the name they
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were given in the fields list (%CSVFIELDNAME). Some examples:
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# set the amount to the 4th CSV field, with " USD" appended
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amount %4 USD
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# combine three fields to make a comment, containing note: and date: tags
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comment note: %somefield - %anotherfield, date: %1
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Interpolation strips outer whitespace (so a CSV value like " 1 " be-
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comes 1 when interpolated) (#1051). See TIPS below for more about ref-
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erencing other fields.
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if
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if PATTERN
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RULE
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if
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PATTERN
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PATTERN
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PATTERN
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RULE
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RULE
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Conditional blocks ("if blocks") are a block of rules that are applied
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only to CSV records which match certain patterns. They are often used
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for customising account names based on transaction descriptions.
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A single pattern can be written on the same line as the "if"; or multi-
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ple patterns can be written on the following lines, non-indented. Mul-
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tiple patterns are OR'd (any one of them can match). Patterns are
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case-insensitive regular expressions which try to match anywhere within
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the whole CSV record (POSIX extended regular expressions with some ad-
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ditions, see https://hledger.org/hledger.html#regular-expressions).
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Note the CSV record they see is close to, but not identical to, the one
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in the CSV file; enclosing double quotes will be removed, and the sepa-
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rator character is always comma.
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It's not yet easy to match within a specific field. If the data does
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not contain commas, you can hack it with a regular expression like:
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# match "foo" in the fourth field
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if ^([^,]*,){3}foo
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After the patterns there should be one or more rules to apply, all in-
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dented by at least one space. Three kinds of rule are allowed in con-
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ditional blocks:
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o field assignments (to set a hledger field)
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o skip (to skip the matched CSV record)
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o end (to skip all remaining CSV records).
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Examples:
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# if the CSV record contains "groceries", set account2 to "expenses:groceries"
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if groceries
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account2 expenses:groceries
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# if the CSV record contains any of these patterns, set account2 and comment as shown
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if
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monthly service fee
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atm transaction fee
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banking thru software
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account2 expenses:business:banking
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comment XXX deductible ? check it
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end
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This rule can be used inside if blocks (only), to make hledger stop
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reading this CSV file and move on to the next input file, or to command
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execution. Eg:
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# ignore everything following the first empty record
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if ,,,,
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end
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date-format
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date-format DATEFMT
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This is a helper for the date (and date2) fields. If your CSV dates
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are not formatted like YYYY-MM-DD, YYYY/MM/DD or YYYY.MM.DD, you'll
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need to add a date-format rule describing them with a strptime date
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parsing pattern, which must parse the CSV date value completely. Some
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examples:
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# MM/DD/YY
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date-format %m/%d/%y
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# D/M/YYYY
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# The - makes leading zeros optional.
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date-format %-d/%-m/%Y
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# YYYY-Mmm-DD
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date-format %Y-%h-%d
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# M/D/YYYY HH:MM AM some other junk
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# Note the time and junk must be fully parsed, though only the date is used.
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date-format %-m/%-d/%Y %l:%M %p some other junk
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For the supported strptime syntax, see:
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https://hackage.haskell.org/package/time/docs/Data-Time-For-
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mat.html#v:formatTime
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newest-first
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hledger always sorts the generated transactions by date. Transactions
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on the same date should appear in the same order as their CSV records,
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as hledger can usually auto-detect whether the CSV's normal order is
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oldest first or newest first. But if all of the following are true:
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o the CSV might sometimes contain just one day of data (all records
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having the same date)
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o the CSV records are normally in reverse chronological order (newest
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at the top)
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o and you care about preserving the order of same-day transactions
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then, you should add the newest-first rule as a hint. Eg:
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# tell hledger explicitly that the CSV is normally newest first
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newest-first
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include
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include RULESFILE
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This includes the contents of another CSV rules file at this point.
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RULESFILE is an absolute file path or a path relative to the current
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file's directory. This can be useful for sharing common rules between
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several rules files, eg:
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# someaccount.csv.rules
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## someaccount-specific rules
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fields date,description,amount
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account1 assets:someaccount
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account2 expenses:misc
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## common rules
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include categorisation.rules
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balance-type
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Balance assertions generated by assigning to balanceN are of the simple
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= type by default, which is a single-commodity, subaccount-excluding
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assertion. You may find the subaccount-including variants more useful,
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eg if you have created some virtual subaccounts of checking to help
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with budgeting. You can select a different type of assertion with the
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balance-type rule:
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# balance assertions will consider all commodities and all subaccounts
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balance-type ==*
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Here are the balance assertion types for quick reference:
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= single commodity, exclude subaccounts
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=* single commodity, include subaccounts
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== multi commodity, exclude subaccounts
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==* multi commodity, include subaccounts
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TIPS
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Rapid feedback
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It's a good idea to get rapid feedback while creating/troubleshooting
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CSV rules. Here's a good way, using entr from http://eradman.com/entr-
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project :
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$ ls foo.csv* | entr bash -c 'echo ----; hledger -f foo.csv print desc:SOMEDESC'
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A desc: query (eg) is used to select just one, or a few, transactions
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of interest. "bash -c" is used to run multiple commands, so we can
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echo a separator each time the command re-runs, making it easier to
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read the output.
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Valid CSV
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hledger accepts CSV conforming to RFC 4180. When CSV values are en-
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closed in quotes, note:
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o they must be double quotes (not single quotes)
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o spaces outside the quotes are not allowed
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Other separator characters
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You can use the --separator 'CHAR' command line option (experimental)
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to read other kinds of character-separated data. Eg to read SSV (Semi-
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colon Separated Values), use:
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$ hledger -f foo.tsv --separator ';' print
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Note the semicolon is quoted because it's a special shell character.
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To read TSV (Tab Separated Values), use:
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$ hledger -f foo.tsv --separator ' ' print
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Note, that's a real tab character in quotes, not \t.
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Reading multiple CSV files
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If you use multiple -f options to read multiple CSV files at once,
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hledger will look for a correspondingly-named rules file for each CSV
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file. But if you use the --rules-file option, that rules file will be
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used for all the CSV files.
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Valid transactions
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After reading a CSV file, hledger post-processes and validates the gen-
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erated journal entries as it would for a journal file - balancing them,
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applying balance assignments, and canonicalising amount styles. Any
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errors at this stage will be reported in the usual way, displaying the
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problem entry.
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There is one exception: balance assertions, if you have generated them,
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will not be checked, since normally these will work only when the CSV
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data is part of the main journal. If you do need to check balance as-
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sertions generated from CSV right away, pipe into another hledger:
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$ hledger -f file.csv print | hledger -f- print
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Deduplicating, importing
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When you download a CSV file periodically, eg to get your latest bank
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transactions, the new file may overlap with the old one, containing
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some of the same records.
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The import command will (a) detect the new transactions, and (b) append
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just those transactions to your main journal. It is idempotent, so you
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don't have to remember how many times you ran it or with which version
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of the CSV. (It keeps state in a hidden .latest.FILE.csv file.) This
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is the easiest way to import CSV data. Eg:
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# download the latest CSV files, then run this command.
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# Note, no -f flags needed here.
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$ hledger import *.csv [--dry]
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This method works for most CSV files. (Where records have a stable
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chronological order, and new records appear only at the new end.)
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A number of other tools and workflows, hledger-specific and otherwise,
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exist for converting, deduplicating, classifying and managing CSV data.
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See:
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o https://hledger.org -> sidebar -> real world setups
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o https://plaintextaccounting.org -> data import/conversion
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Setting amounts
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A posting amount can be set in one of these ways:
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o by assigning (with a fields list or field assigment) to amountN
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(posting N's amount) or amount (posting 1's amount)
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o by assigning to amountN-in and amountN-out (or amount-in and amount-
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out). For each CSV record, whichever of these has a non-zero value
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will be used, with appropriate sign. If both contain a non-zero
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value, this may not work.
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o by assigning to balanceN (or balance) instead of the above, setting
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the amount indirectly via a balance assignment. If you do this the
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default account name may be wrong, so you should set that explicitly.
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There is some special handling for an amount's sign:
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o If an amount value is parenthesised, it will be de-parenthesised and
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sign-flipped.
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o If an amount value begins with a double minus sign, those cancel out
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and are removed.
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o If an amount value begins with a plus sign, that will be removed
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Setting currency/commodity
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If the currency/commodity symbol is included in the CSV's amount
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field(s), you don't have to do anything special.
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If the currency is provided as a separate CSV field, you can either:
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o assign that to currency, which adds it to all posting amounts. The
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symbol will prepended to the amount quantity (on the left side). If
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you write a trailing space after the symbol, there will be a space
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between symbol and amount (an exception to the usual whitespace
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stripping).
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o or assign it to currencyN which adds it to posting N's amount only.
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o or for more control, construct the amount from symbol and quantity
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using field assignment, eg:
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fields date,description,currency,quantity
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# add currency symbol on the right:
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amount %quantity %currency
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Referencing other fields
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In field assignments, you can interpolate only CSV fields, not hledger
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fields. In the example below, there's both a CSV field and a hledger
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field named amount1, but %amount1 always means the CSV field, not the
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hledger field:
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# Name the third CSV field "amount1"
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fields date,description,amount1
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# Set hledger's amount1 to the CSV amount1 field followed by USD
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amount1 %amount1 USD
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# Set comment to the CSV amount1 (not the amount1 assigned above)
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comment %amount1
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Here, since there's no CSV amount1 field, %amount1 will produce a lit-
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eral "amount1":
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fields date,description,csvamount
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amount1 %csvamount USD
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# Can't interpolate amount1 here
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comment %amount1
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When there are multiple field assignments to the same hledger field,
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only the last one takes effect. Here, comment's value will be be B, or
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C if "something" is matched, but never A:
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comment A
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comment B
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if something
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comment C
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How CSV rules are evaluated
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Here's how to think of CSV rules being evaluated (if you really need
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to). First,
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o include - all includes are inlined, from top to bottom, depth first.
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(At each include point the file is inlined and scanned for further
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includes, recursively, before proceeding.)
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Then "global" rules are evaluated, top to bottom. If a rule is re-
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peated, the last one wins:
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o skip (at top level)
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o date-format
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o newest-first
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o fields - names the CSV fields, optionally sets up initial assignments
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to hledger fields
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Then for each CSV record in turn:
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o test all if blocks. If any of them contain a end rule, skip all re-
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maining CSV records. Otherwise if any of them contain a skip rule,
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skip that many CSV records. If there are multiple matched skip
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rules, the first one wins.
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o collect all field assignments at top level and in matched if blocks.
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When there are multiple assignments for a field, keep only the last
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one.
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o compute a value for each hledger field - either the one that was as-
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signed to it (and interpolate the %CSVFIELDNAME references), or a de-
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fault
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o generate a synthetic hledger transaction from these values.
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This is all part of the CSV reader, one of several readers hledger can
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use to parse input files. When all files have been read successfully,
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the transactions are passed as input to whichever hledger command the
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user specified.
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REPORTING BUGS
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Report bugs at http://bugs.hledger.org (or on the #hledger IRC channel
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or hledger mail list)
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AUTHORS
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Simon Michael <simon@joyful.com> and contributors
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COPYRIGHT
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Copyright (C) 2007-2019 Simon Michael.
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Released under GNU GPL v3 or later.
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SEE ALSO
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hledger(1), hledger-ui(1), hledger-web(1), hledger-api(1),
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hledger_csv(5), hledger_journal(5), hledger_timeclock(5), hledger_time-
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dot(5), ledger(1)
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http://hledger.org
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hledger 1.16.1 December 2019 hledger_csv(5)
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